I. Species selection Rice field ducks are a kind of extensive feeding method. In duck-duck commensal farming mode, duck breeding is only an auxiliary industry for the production of green and high-quality rice. It mainly plays a role in biological control. Therefore, in the selection of duck breeds, it is important to consider medium and small fine varieties with strong vitality, wide adaptability, resistance to roughage, and strong resistance. It is recommended to keep egg and meat varieties such as Ji'an Red Haired Duck and Huge Duck. (1) Ji'an Red Hair Duck Ji'an Red Haired Duck has a short round body and a short neck. The drake is medium-sized, compact, with a wide chest and chest muscles. Mother duck body Taoyuan, Feng Min, eyes prominent, bright, well-developed chest muscles. With stable genetic properties, good production performance, resistance to rough feeding, strong foraging power, tender meat, high lean meat ratio, feather growth and weight gain synchronization, is the processing of duck quality raw materials. According to the rural survey, grazing is the mainstay, and it can be bred for 80-90 days. The weight can reach 1000-1150 g. During the period, it will be fed with 3-4 kg of rice and 28 days of fattening at the duck plant. The weight will be 1350-1400 grams (4 kg of rice will be consumed). Duck processing requirements. Red-haired ducks were born at 112 days of age. The egg production rate was 135 days for 134 days, 50% for 186 days, and the adult duck had an average body weight of 1,450 grams. The duck is suitable for feeding in various ways in the rural areas of our province. (b) Sanmaoshan Ma duck is native to Longyan, Fujian and is one of China's fine duck breeds. The male duck has a wide back and wide body. Yellow green, iridescent brown.胫 è¹¼, è¹¼ orange, back feathers gray-brown, belly gray. The body of the female duck is slender and evenly compacted. The trunk is more than 450 angles to the ground when standing and walking, and the head is smaller. The bronze dragonfly is iridescent, iridescent brown, enamel, orange, red and brown. According to the provincial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, the average birth weight of male and female ducks was 42.78 grams, 553.10 grams for 4 weeks, 1330 grams for 90 days, and 1515 grams for 72 weeks (504 days). Adult ducks weigh 1300 grams and adult female ducks weigh 1500 grams. The mother ducks were born around 120 days old and 280-300 eggs were laid at 500 days. The mountain duck has the advantages of early production, high egg production and wide adaptability. It is suitable for farming in various ways in the countryside. Second, feeding and management (a) young ducklings feeding and managing ducklings feeding and management is commonly known as brooding, duck is a very important basic stage. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically manage and create appropriate temperature, humidity, air, light, nutrition, and a clean and quiet environment for the ducklings, so as to minimize the impact of harsh stress. 1. The ducklings should carefully consider the season of brooding. In particular, the commensal pattern of rice and duck should choose the best brooding season in order to obtain the best production effect and economic benefits. The common ducklings of rice and duck are mainly spring and summer chicks, and autumn and winter chicks are not selected. 1 Spring chicks refer to ducklings hatched from March to March. The spring weather gradually warms up and the sunshine is sufficient. It is beneficial to the growth of ducklings, and the survival rate and the strong rate are high. At the mid-duck stage, due to the appropriate temperature, the activities outside the house are long, the body is of good quality, and the growth and weight increase quickly. Ducklings that cohabitate with rice and ducks should choose spring chicks. The end of the brooding is just in line with the rice planting. However, the spring chick must pay attention to the insulation work, and the spring rainy and humid, the weather is changeable, the disease is easy to invade, during the hot summer season to do a good job of prevention and treatment of shading and so on, so management must be careful, all aspects of the work All are well done and perfect. 2 Summer chick refers to ducklings hatched in June-August. At this time, high temperature and high humidity, poor appetite of ducklings, growth and development are affected, the productivity of poultry is low, and the work of preventing heatstroke and humidity is heavy. However, the summer chicks generally do not need heat insulation. As long as the ducks are used as meat ducks, the cost of raising them will not be very high. 3 Autumn chicks and winter chicks Autumn chicks are ducklings hatched from September to October. Winter chicks are ducklings that were hatched from November to December. It does not adapt to the season of rice cultivation. 2. Brooding methods According to the specific conditions of existing duck houses, a variety of brooding methods can be adopted. For the specific situation of the ducklings in the paddy field, intensive brooding should be followed and the grazing in the fields should be dispersed. Introduce several ways: 1 Plane ground brooding is to lay thick bedding directly on the ground of the duck house, such as shavings, rough wood, dry grass, dry sand, etc., on which brooding, regular cleaning and replacement of litter, so that Keep it clean and dry, this method is simple and easy, the cost is not high, but not easy to control the disease, brooding effect in general. 2 Half-ground half-breeding brooding means that 1/3 of the ground duck shed is laid on the surface of the ground, and the ground is not laid on the ground, only bedding. All drinking water is placed on the net so that the floor is kept dry. Note that the slope must be less than 250. This method is cost-effective, and it is conducive to clean work, the effect is more ideal, it is more commonly used. 3 Carton Brooding Use common large cardboard boxes to raise ducklings. This method does not require a heat source for warming in warm weather, but it can be brooded from temperature, greatly reducing the cost of insulation, and is simple and easy to implement, and the investment is small. However, attention should be paid to keeping dry, hygienic, and ventilated. Often, holes are drilled in the wall of the paper for ventilation, and they need to be transferred in groups at a proper time. As the ducklings gradually grow up, some ducks are gradually removed to other cartons or brooding houses, so that the breeding density is moderate. Gradually defrost. Therefore, the law is affected by the weather, the work is complicated, and the number of brooding is limited, which is suitable for small-scale farming. 3, drinking water and feed 1 drinking ducklings within 24 hours after hatching must drink water, the general practice is to put the ducklings into a shallow 1cm deep basin for a few minutes, so that ducklings wet feet and drinking water, usually Said "point water". The water quality must be fresh, clean, and the water temperature should be close to room temperature. With the increase of the age, the water consumption of the ducklings will increase, and the drinking utensils will be frequently cleaned and the dirty drinking water will be replaced with fresh water. 2 Feeding The ducklings are allowed to eat within 24 to 28 hours after hatching when all the ducklings drink water. Cannot exceed 36 hours at the latest. For the first few days after the start of eating, the ducklings should adopt the system of “less feedings and more mealsâ€, that is, they should be fed 7-8 times a day. The amount of each feeding is small, but the ducklings must be fully fed. Later, the ducklings were allowed to eat freely, drinking water freely, and artificial light was not provided at night. 3 feed feed Young duck feed should be fresh, clean, nutritious, moderate grain size, good palatability, easy to digest feed. Ducklings Each duck is fed with 500 grams of full-priced feed during 10-15 days and a small amount of rice is added during the feeding process. Then, we can use rice cereals such as rice, corn and other cereal feeds to weigh more than 75 grams and can be placed in the field.
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